posted 7 years ago
I don't have direct experience with a dogwood like that - ours are smaller shrubs, which are cut back every other year and sprout vigorously.
What I can say is that those diseased/damaged branches should be cut right back. They won't recover, and the risk is that the disease will spread back into the main tree. There is fortunately plenty of evidence of new leaf buds on the other branches, which will quickly grow back in.
In general, to get a denser and more complete canopy in your tree, some pruning will help. If you were to cut the branches back by about 1/3rd it will stimulate more of branches to form and likely give you a better shape in following years. It is looking a little spindly in the top at the moment - those tips will keep shooting up, leaving rather big gaps in the middle. I would personally be taking the secateurs to it as soon as the flowers have passed.
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