Bud Grafts - anatomy

I'm trying to understand the anatomy of bud grafting, but I can't find a full explanation in any book or website. If the tree's bark and cambium are lifted out (so that the only thing underneath is the actual wood), the tree's cambium would end up on the outside of the bud's bark. How are they supposed to match up and grow if the cambium of the bud cutting is only touching the tree's internal wood, not cambium? I haven't gotten any bud grafts to take.

I'm no expert but I'd guess there's cambium along the edges of your bud and you will hopefully get some contact with the cambium on the tree your grafting to.

Here's a link to a T-budding video from Penn State. It's a 3 part video.

Also if you cut off some of those trunks growing out of the ground in the same area, you might top work one of those with multiple scions. Another link this time it's an article.

many people don't take enough "sap wood" with the bud when readying a bud graft.
What you want is all the bud and some of the underlying heart wood when you are taking the bud to graft.
From there you use the T slit, remove that heart wood, leaving all the cambium, (I like to also peal the outer bark just before I put the graft together, this gives fresh material to touch fresh material and that helps the bud grafts to take) and slip that into the T slit.
From that point it is just wrap it up.

Bryant, I don't quite understand "remove that heartwood, leaving all the cambium".  Is that from the budwood, the bud, or from the rootstock slit.  Do you have any drawings or photos that would help my understand this better?

John