posted 3 hours ago
There were a few old threads on this but I'm hoping to revive this discussion and hear feedback from anyone who has been applying these methods.
I'm in Western WA. After permaculture sheet mulch gardening on our new property for the previous 5 years (with lots of manure from our animals and neighboring farms) my garden hit a wall last June. Nothing was growing well. I finally read those chapters in Steve Solomon's "Gardening West of the Cascades" that I had ignored because they didn't fit into my organic gardening brainwashed noggin. Wow. Everything started to make sense. I realized that (before the wall was hit), I had been growing nice LOOKING veggies (excess potassium will do that) with lots of carbs but not a lot of protein/nutrient density. As someone who is trying to grow most of our own food, that's not good. And I now have a hard time trusting the health of organic food, right along up there with industrial/grocery store food.
Anyway, I got supplies from Black Lake Organics (now BLOSSOM) up the road in Olympia and did some damage control with COF. I do think I was able to save some things. This year I started off on the right foot with my Logan Labs soil test and recommendations from James and Gary at BLOSSOM. No shock that our soils are excessive in potassium and lacking in calcium, along with lots of trace minerals (Copper, Zinc, Boron, Manganese most notably). My garden looked great this year, and I'm happy and feel like I'm on the right track. Brassicas in particular, looked extremely healthy. Solomon says they're an indicator species. Anyway, I probably have several years to correctly balance things and try to leach out some of the excess potassium I've added. Plus we have a huge property and I would like to start the daunting task of amending our pastures. There's also all the perennials to consider - I did amend a portion of those this spring but many didn't get anything yet.
One of the big questions that remains for me is how to marry the science around mineral amendments (ie. the cold hard reality that if the minerals aren't there, they won't be in your food) with a permaculture-ish approach to maintaining and cycling such balance, when I achieve it. Just the garden is one thing but we have almost 100 acres including about 10 acres of pasture that needs improvement. I'm thinking of the long game. I want to improve my soil for my kids, grandkids, and beyond. I don't want them to have to be buying all these off site minerals forever. Solomon doesn't address this sufficiently in my opinion. I don't think there's one answer but I'd love to start a brainstorm of the strategies.
1. Biochar. We've dipped our toes into this. I devoured Kelpie Wilson's book this spring. I bought a tote from Concentrates in PDX (will start making more ourselves once fire danger passes) and we've been adding it to animal bedding to soak up nutrients, adding it to compost heaps, and using it in our pee buckets to innoculate in urine. I've still yet to add it to my garden in earnest but I will be doing so for my fall garlic planting as a test. My big goal wouldn't be for it to have an immediate effect in any one bed, but to be a long term sponge of all the nutrients I'm adding. James at BLOSSOM told me I probably don't have to worry about biochar affecting my potassium excesses but I admit I still have a niggling worry about that.
2. Closed loop practices in general. All our humanure and pee is put back on the land. Same with that from our animals. We do sell some meat off our land to friends but we're also still buying in grain so I hope it's relatively balanced. With the bones my newest idea is to make them into bone char (since they don't break down well in compost). Since bones are full of calcium and phosphorus, two minerals we could really use (and no worry about excess potassium!), it would seem to be the ideal char material. (same with oyster shells, see below). On the topic of compost, I'm still not confident I'm creating good stuff. I miss the days when I did it intuitively and felt like i was doing great. Solomon has made me gunshy!!
3. Resources from the sea. Seems like this was probably the key part of native people's survival in this part of the world. We feed kelp to our animals and ourselves, eat as much seafood as we can. Bought a small bottle of SeaCrop from BLOSSOM and used it as a foliar spray twice during the season. That's relatively local. And we could start figuring out how to harvest our own seaweed at the ocean. I've collected oyster shells and experimented with making biochar with them. Maybe if I had a huge pile of oyster shells in my woods I'd feel rich!!
4. The grass ley. Solomon talks about this and the historical practice of it. Basically long cycles off of gardening in a specific area. It make sense. I'm only resistant to the idea of it because it means a massive expansion of my already massive garden. I have a lot of land, but everything has to be fenced to protect from animals and we've already invested a lot in the fencing we have. Maybe having double the garden and gardening it for 2 years then switching could be doable but I can't imagine more than that. Also, I'm not sure how much this helps with mineral balancing or if it's just about the organic matter. My soils are naturally pretty high on organic matter (over 10) so maybe that's not a huge concern. Also, it's supposed to help with symphalans which he talks a lot about but I'm not sure I have here???
Please chime in!!
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