I am facing some similar concerns. I'm in SW Missouri, so not as severe of weather as the mountains.
I have to enclose a
concrete floor porch before I can build my RMH, because I do not want that much weight on the wooden floor over the basement. But if you can throw tons of weight on your floor, you are good to go in that regard. And *if* you are going to also put in an adobe floor, there is nothing at all lost by tossing all that clay and sand on your existing floor (to become a sub-floor).
These are the kinds of details that are unique to each situation.
However, here is another thought, and it is what I'm doing because there is no way I can put in a RMH right now. Plus, I like the idea of testing a J-style
rocket stove before building my RMH.
Right now I'm testing a dry stack J-style
rocket stove outside. I'm at the point of prepping the barrel to place over it so I can take those test measurements (temperatures are my concern, for fire safety mitigation). Once I am happy with this, I am going to set up the rocket stove/barrel inside, and run that as my wood burning "barrel stove" but fed by a j-rocket for the "engine."
If your floor can take the weight right now, you can also stack up brick, block, rocks, etc around the stove and exhaust this winter, as you accumulate these materials. That'll give you some thermal mass. You can do this with either a standard wood burning stove or a j-rocket barrel stove.
I don't know if this is a better idea, but it is another idea