The chemicals used in treating pressure treated wood has changed over the years as information became available. Way back in the day, creosote was used-not the same stuff that builds up in your chimney. Problems in manufacturing
led to the development of CCA-Chromated Copper Arsenide. CCA was cheap, easy to use, and effective against
water and insects. The residual Arsenic meant that chronic exposure was a health hazard, the guys working at the sawmills often had the shakes. It had to go. The replacement was ACQ. ACQ is a form of copper quaternary. Its effectiveness in protecting wood is questionable. I've worked with the stuff. Boards cup and warp, entire truckloads have been sent back by retail outlets because the boards have arrived infested with termites. The stuff is junk, but at least your baby wont be poisoned if you feed it 20 picnic tables. It's only practical advantage is that it sheds water. The ACQ lumber is of such poor quality that I know of contractors who wont use it unless absolutely required by building codes. Untreated oak lumber, although more expensive, is far more durable than ACQ and I've seen it used in place of treated lumber.
Burning any of this stuff will alter the chemicals and release them into the atmosphere. If used in a residential woodstove, these vapors will be released into and around your home. The old style creosote boards are probably mostly gone by now, having been phased out back in the 70s. CCA is still around in massive volume and still will be for decades to come-that stuff holds up. CCA, while being great for construction durability, is about the worst stuff you can have in your fireplace or
compost heap, in wood or
ash form. High temperatures are required to destroy the chemicals, and woodstoves dont always reach the temperatures required. Even if they did, the residual materials are just as destructive. The primary effect of high level, chronic exposure upon microbes is death, and the stuff holds up for decades. The debate continues as to the leaching of the chemicals into soil.
If you only have a few boards to burn, I doubt the trace amounts will have much impact. If you have a lot of boards, you might consider building a shed or fence rather than burning it.
I purchased a truckload of lumber last weekend to build a
greenhouse. Out of all that lumber, 3 boards are pressure treated-a 4x6 beam and 4 2x6 planks which will all be used where the
greenhouse contacts the ground. The rest of the stuff will be stained.