Here is a guide for different ways of doing tea, oil, salves.
Fresh goldenrod flowers
Poofy stage dried goldenrod flowers
I've never caught the flowers dry, and still yellow. They always go poofy on me before I see they are dry. I think that all flowers that dry as a poofy white fuzz taste bitter. I am not sensitive to bitterness, and I think the tea is horrible. I think this changes the constituents of the medicine. These are my thoughts, not backed up by science. Because of this, with goldenrod, I always use the flowers fresh. Adding enough honey in a tea balances the bitterness, but as we want to avoid sugars, we don't usually use it.
In oils, using fresh herbs, to prevent excess moisture in the end product, I think using the fast heated infusion is best. Excess moisture can make the infusion go bad. Instead of the jars in a pot on the stove, I use a crockpot. I feel safer walking away from it for other projects that way. I also place a washcloth in the bottom of the pot for the jars to rest on top of. This gives some protection from drastic heat differential and prevents breakage to the jars. I do strain out the plant material. The process may take a couple of strainings to get a clear oil, this is what you want.
I leave some as an oil for massage use. This does need to be rubbed into the skin to prevent staining clothing. For the self-application product, I use enough beeswax to make it the same consistency as a stick deodorant. I refill used applicators with this type of herbal product. This thick, it does not leave grease spots on my clothes, as soft salves and oils do.
As to when to harvest the leaves, I do so from the time the plants have reached about 30 inches in height. Here, as the plants begin to produce the flowers, the leaves have begun to get discolored, ragged, eaten, and brown as the plant pushes to produce seed. These leaves are inferior for medicine. I harvest the stalk, cutting it near the surface of the ground. Goldenrod is perineal, so it will grow back. I dry the whole stalk, not in direct sun. As the leaves become dry, I strip them off of the stalk and save the leaves. You want the leaves to retain a green color. I throw the stalks in my garden paths to break down. That is callled composting for the
lazy busy gardener.
