Hi "Cow Dog",
Indeed, as both Thomas and Ansis state... the
rocket mass heater and the masonry heater exist on two ends of a spectrum of heat retaining devices.
The
rocket mass heater is intriguing in how cleanly it is able to burn at a relatively low caloric output, the combination of quick and retained heat it provides, and for the simplicity and economy of its design.
A masonry heater (like the Finnish Contraflow Ansis refers to) is characterized by a larger fire-viewing firebox where a significantly larger load of wood is incinerated into heat energy over a 2-3 hour timespan and stored in its mass. The cleanliness of the burn has a lot to do with the size and intensity of the fire.
A batch box
rocket mass heater exists somewhere in between these two. As I see it, a batch box is basically a masonry heater with a smaller firebox whose firebox and propulsion design are inspired by original rocket mass heater designs.
When you start burning more fuel at once to store the heat over a longer period of time, the use of metal as a radiating surface becomes less useful because you can overheat the material, which results in either overheating the space or stressing the material.
Design and choices have a lot to do with the amount of heat that you need for the building, how responsive you want it to be, and how long you want to be firing each day.