Yeah i'm not sure about the annual vs perennial. in this climate sometimes annuals can live for multiple years. I've never had one of these die before I've cut or pulled it out myself, so don't know how long they live.
The insect is what we call a vaquinha here, or a vaquita there,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabrotica_speciosa . they do only eat bean leaves. i make a ferment out of onion and garlic skins and spray the leaves, either that or a soap or soap/garlic/oil spray, you need to reapply constantly, but it can help delay the inevitable.
I grow long beans that right now are full of vaquinhas, what we do is cut off the bad leaves before they get moldy, and let the new leaves grow in.