Marco Banks wrote: The impossibly thin strands of mycelium have no structural strength to speak of. They are easily broken and swept away. They are really no larger and stronger than strands of cotton candy. A healthy fungal network has thousands of miles of these thread-like extensions.
Will mycorrhizal fungal increase root growth by 1000%? No -- that's hard to imagine. But the fungal network will dramatically increase the soil to root contact exponentially -- far in excess of 1000%. Basically, the mycelium extends the range of the roots by helping the roots capture nutrients.
Mycelium are highly structured and they are strong enough to entangle and hold parasitic nematodes and even some beetles. Not exactly weaklings. Mycelium tend to grow similarly to climbing bean plants, the strands will intertwine with each other, creating a hyphae rope type structure.
Several studies have shown that root length and density can be as much as 20 times longer and thicker than plants that grew without any mycorrhizae (that is more than 1 thousand percent).
Mycorrhizae can be either external of the root or internal, the endomycorrhizae actually invade the cell structures of the roots so that nutrients are delivered inside the root, eliminating the need for the root to suck the nutrients inside before transporting them up to the leaves.
Exomycorrhizae wrap around the outside of the root, creating a sort of envelope that protects the root from any attacks, it is this form of mycorrhizae that wraps up the bad organisms, such as root eating nematodes and then the fungi devours the intruder, releasing any nutrients it didn't need for its own survival.
The hyphae network consist of many different species of fungi, most of which have a symbiotic relationship with not only each other but also the plant roots they come in contact with.
The fungal network works like a super highway (freeway system) for bacteria and other microorganisms who use the hyphae strands to travel along. These super highways also act like electrical grid power lines, passing along electrical signals from one plant root system to another, these signals can travel great distances (many, many miles).
Redhawk