I just put fire brick over the feed tube opening, although that is not a perfect seal, so after a couple hours I will then remove them, lay a piece of aluminum foil over the opening, a couple spare pieces of tile I have that are larger than the opening, and then put the fire brick on top of that. Kinda ratty looking, but right now the whole thing is in build-modify mode anyway, so that's not important right now.
For a nicer finish, I think something else would be better. Perhaps pouring a plug to drop in (basically like casting a core, or more specifically, like making a capping plate as used in masonry heaters). But these are basically the same techniques one uses to seal the clean out doors. So whatever works there could be implemented at the feed tube with some forethought. That said, I think the easiest thing to try is finishing the facing material around the feed tube with a smooth tile-like finish, and then getting a capping plate that has some kind of an air gap seal under it to fit just around the feed tube opening. Just like you do on doors and windows.
I'm kinda thinking some granite tie might look nice in this application. Hard stuff, so it would certainly take the accidental knocking of wood going into the feed tube. And as tile it can be found very smooth, which will make brushing any ash and debris into the feed tube simple, and then just set the cap over the feed tube opening, made an inch or so larger on all sides than is the fire brick lining, so that the edges of the cap is pressing down against the granite, and where the cap and granite touch, that's where you put the seal. It could be as simple as foam or rubber that is used as threshold sealing for doors. The only added caution is to remember to only put this on after the surface is cool
enough, so as to not damage the seal / gasket material.
For your L-type rocket, I think I'd just cast a door/plug and after I know the fire has been out long enough for the draft to take away toxic fumes, I'd just plug the opening. Again, some foam or rubber gasket material might help.
Or rope, like is used on
wood stove doors. That may be a better idea anyway, as that is designed as this kind of seal/gasket
heheh
Just thinking out loud here. I'm not yet worried about this point, in terms of making it pretty to look at. My "gasket" material is the sheet of heavy aluminum foil, and I get an even pressure by setting the larger tile over the entire opening, and then add weight by adding the fire bricks I used to control the air gap whilst burning. But that is an ugly solution (although it does seem to have been effective so far).
Edit: Or use
rock wool as the seal/gasket material. That
should work well and be able to take high temperatures.