I read somewhere of people making dome shaped covers for rainwater tanks out of Latexcrete.
A picture of the type of pool you're talking about would help. You might have to use something - possibly as simple as recycling pallets, to reinforce the edge of the pool, but it was implied that the latexcrete was quite light weight. Of course one person's idea of "light weight" and mine, are often very different. (I'm on the small size of the human "average"!)
This fellow uses old bed-sheets to make a water proof tarp, but Hubby is concerned about the fire/fume hazard involved in this technique, so we haven't tried it either. If you decide to try it, I would stitch the bed-sheets together into the shape you want, and then treat them. If you sewed casings into the sheet, you might be able to slide ribs in afterwards to hold it up off the water.