Josh,
I was at the stage a year ago that you are at now and looking for the best possible heater solution for my needs. I settled on a batch rocket design that was highly engineered and developed by Peter van den Berg for more than a decade. His secret sauce is the combustion core which then provides you with a solid foundation from which you can decide how you want to implement the actual heater. Here is a link to Peter's website which is a must to read thoroughly if you want to go this direction:
https://batchrocket.eu/en/. He provides all of the details required to achieve success.
In my case, I wanted something that can retain and radiate heat over a maximum period of time so my design is more of a traditional masonry heater. You have the option to have a higher degree of instant heat but not retain that heat over a long period by using a steel barrel design & bench. Your needs and desires will help to steer your design. Of course, you can decide to go with a simpler J tube design if that is more to your liking as opposed to Peter's combustion core. You will note that he now has multiple variants of his combustion core with the latest iteration being a Shorty core.
Thomas Rubino has just completed a Shorty build. You can see his build thread here:
https://permies.com/t/267527/Shorty-Core-bell. Tom is a master rocket scientist and an invaluable resource for all things rocket mass heater. Note that Tom has at least 3 or 4 other heaters that he has built and rebuilt over the years with many different designs.
Here is a link that documents my build:
https://permies.com/t/238503/Batch-Rocket-Build. Also, in my signature is a detailed list of materials that I used for my build. We absolutely love our heater... it works way beyond our expectations.
Wishing you a fun journey as you decide on design and build. The folks here will be happy to help you along the way.