Vancouver Island fibreshed - what are we getting right? what's missing?

I've had several people ask me this month, why don't we have a local fibreshed?  It's a good, but complicated question.

In this thread, I want to examine what is a fibreshed, what is a Fibershed, what we already have in place in my area, and what elements are holding us back from having a thriving fibreshed economy in Southern Vancouver Island and the surrounding Archipelago.  

What is a fibreshed and Fibershed?

The Fibershed Movement was started by Rebecca Burgess and some extremely talented and innovative people in California.  It has rapidly expanded, and there are Fibershed branches growing all over the world.  It's basically the public face of the local clothing movement.

Here is quite possibly the most life-changing video I've ever seen.


Fibershed is not a new concept.  It's a new word for what used to be so normal that we never needed a word for it before.  I choose to differentiate the Fibershed Movement from the word 'fibreshed'.  I use the Canadian spelling of 'fibre' (because I'm talking about a fibreshed in Canada) and no capital letter to refer to the geographical and bioregional landscape that can provide all the clothing needs for someone living in our region.  I make this difference between Fibershed and fibreshed because the Fibershed people have been doing absolutely amazing work and are now involved in certification.  I don't want to risk muddying their brand.

Some fibresheds are over 150 miles from the centre, others even larger.  Some are only 50 miles.  How large a fibreshed is, is dependent on the individual region and the people in it.  I'm not certain yet how large the Vancouver Island fibreshed would need to be, but I suspect, saying it's X-number of miles/kilometres isn't going to fit well with our local geography and climate.  There are a few Fibershed Affiliates in our area, but I have yet to find one that is active or that answers their emails.  If they did, I would love to work with them to help their projects grow.

But I also think our local fibreshed is something more than one group of people.  I see a thriving fibershed as being a whole economy which includes Fibershed Affiliates, as well as many other individuals.


What does a successful fibreshed need?

Lots of different things, but to oversimplify, here's a list.

1. a source of fibre that makes clothing appropriate for the climate.  For example, on Vancouver Island, one would want a warm textile like wool and a plant textile like linen or nettles.  

2. The resources to make this fibre into cloth.

3. the skills to make this fibre into cloth.

4. customers

5. an ecologically sustainable model to make this happen

6. an economically sustainable model to make this happen.


In the next few posts, I am going to address what fibreshed resources we already have on Southern Vancouver Island and the surrounding Archipelago and what, in my opinion, is holding us back from having a thriving fibreshed economy.  

What fibreshed resources does Southern Vancouver Island and the surrounding Archipelago already have? - animal fibre

These numbers refer back to my earlier list of what a fibreshed needs.

1. A source of fibre: There are a great many farmers who have sheep, alpacas, llamas, mohair goats, and angora rabbits.  

It is estimated that between 15,000 and 30,000 sheep reside on Vancouver island and the surrounding gulf islands, most of them produce useable wool.  There are only a handful of shearers in our area, so it would be easy to get an inventory of local wool sources.

Some of these farmers focus on fibre production.  You can buy fibre directly from the farm or from the local shops that specialize in this sort of thing.  

There are also many more farmers that focus on meat production and the fibre is an unwanted byproduct.  Much of this wool is of a quality that would produce excellent blankets, sweaters, and outerwear like jackets.

2. The resources to make this fibre into cloth:  There are a lot of different things that could fall under this heading.  We have shearers, washing equipment, hand processing equipment, spinning wheels, looms, and so on.  

On a larger scale, we have a new fibre mill opening up in town this spring.  Not having to ship fibre out of province to be processed, opens up a huge opportunity for our local fibreshed.  This mill can transform the raw fibre into yarn which can then be woven.

3. the skills to make this fibre into cloth:  This is all about the people.  We have these skills in spades!  We have farmers, weavers, dyers, spinners, sewers.  We have people working at all level of production and many different scales of production.  

wovenwares is a group of weavers who work with local resources and artisans to produce clothing for sale.  Their product is stylish and natural.  Very fashionable by local standards.  

This is just one example of what our vast local skillset has to offer.  

4. customers:  With my work in the community, I am constantly asked: "where can I buy that?"  "Where can I buy locally grown sweaters/rugs/towels/clothing/baby blankets/coats/skirts/pants/..."  

I think the demand is there.  I think the price is important.  Some people think only about price when it comes to clothing.  But there are others who are more than willing to pay extra for clothing that is sourced ethically, locally and organically.

There are also enough people interested in buying local materials (at all stages of production) for their craft.

A lot of the local groups do public demonstrations in spinning, weaving, flax to linen, and other textile crafts.  Over the years, this has increased demand for local cloth and clothing far beyond what we can produce by hand.  

What fibreshed resources does Southern Vancouver Island and the surrounding Archipelago already have? - plant fibre

1. A source of fibre:  At the moment we don't have any large scale sources of plant fibre available in our area.  However, the local Flax to Linen group and other enthusiasts have done the research and development to discover which fibre flax grows well locally, when to plant it, what its needs are, and what it requires to produce a fine, linen yarn.  

2. The resources to make this fibre into cloth:  Dew retting (the process of laying flax on the lawn so that microbes can 'eat' the 'glue' that holds the flax fibres into the stem) works well here with no added input or waste product that would harm the waterways.  This is very important for processing flax.  

The Flax to Linen group and other individuals around town have the hand tools to process linen into yarn.  One can process quite a bit of flax fibre by hand.  A day or three of enthusiastic work (or 10 days at a more leisurely pace) would give enough fibre to keep one spinner happy for a year - especially if one processes both tow and line flax.

taproots fibre lab has larger scale flax to linen equipment for sale that we could buy if we ever decided to increase production.  

3. the skills to make this fibre into cloth:  For over 10 years now, the flax to linen group of Victoria (not to mention numerous other individuals in the area) has been experimenting and perfecting the skills needed to process flax into linen cloth as well as teaching others how to do so.  

4. customers:  Part of the Flax to Linen of Victoria's mandate is public education.  They set up at farmers markets and other events, demonstrating how awesome line cloth is.  This has created a local love of linen and many people asking where they can buy this clothing?  I've noticed that many of the local shops now carry linen yarn where they didn't before and linen shirts and skirts are now available in the shops again.  I think there's a demand for Linen.  There's a demand for local.  I think it would require very little customer education to produce enough demand to support a local linen industry here.

Here's a write up about the Vancouver Island Fibreshed.  

Unfortunately, the information about them is Facebook so that limits the number of people who can learn about them and participate, but this article in the local press does help spread the news.

Farmers, textile makers and a newly reopened fleece-processing mill are among supporters of the launch of the Vancouver Island Fibreshed project, which aims to help build a local textile industry.

A fibreshed is defined as a geographic region that provides all the resources that go into the making of textiles including animal or plant-based fibres, dyes, processing and manufacturing.

...

...the fibreshed for Vancouver Island and surrounding islands encompasses about 150 square miles.

The goal of the project is to help create a local fibre economy on Vancouver Island by providing support for farmers to raise more fibre-producing animals and crops, and ensure links to processors and markets for products.

I'm really glad to see this moving forward and I'm looking forward to working with and supporting them (if I can find out how to contact them outside facebook).  

Although, it's interesting that their recent funding drive is "to conduct an inventory of the needs of farmers who raise animals for their fleece on Vancouver Island and the surrounding islands".  I know of several inventories done over the last 15 years.  To inventory, the fibre animals would be very easy as there aren't that many sheerers in the area.  They have highly detailed lists of the number of sheep and quality of the fibres (often saving samples from every animal they work with).  

As for the needs of the farmers, I hope to explore that next.  There are some pretty big stumbling blocks that prevent the majority of farmers from producing useable fibre and/or knowing how to transform it into a marketable product.  

Are you sure this survey is really a survey ? If there have been inventories before then is this a publicity thing in disguise or some sort of thing to put pressure on other powers to help them local govt maybe ? ( look we can create jobs for example so give us XXX)

David

Are you sure this survey is really a survey ?

I don't know.  I don't understand the difference between inventory and survey in this context.

I know a few shops had to do this to get loans from the bank, they did an extensive list of the fibre resources on the islands and the customers interested in buying raw materials, semi-raw materials like yarn, and finished products.  

...a publicity thing in disguise or some sort of thing to put pressure on other powers to help them local govt maybe ? ( look we can create jobs for example so give us XXX)

Not a bad thing in my opinion if they actually do it.

From the grapevine, the mill is looking to hire some full-time staff (not something I've ever seen a local mill do before as they always seem to be owner operated in the past) and they already have customers lined up with fibre to process.  I know I'm going to be acquiring wool and alpaca fibre and have them transform it into yarn for weaving.  

I don't know if I expressed enough how excited I am about this fibreshed initiative.  But I am concerned that it's so difficult to contact them - that they are shutting out a large customer base by doing facebook only.  Their gofundme thing is a bit concerning too as I don't fully understand what the money is for.  I think this puts a damper on my enthusiasm.  

Their gofundme thing is a bit concerning too as I don't fully understand what the money is for.

Is there a link for this?  I might have missed it but didn't see it anywhere even in the article.

I really like that this is being attempted at least.

I like David's idea of suggesting they post here at permies although I think I'll 'follow' them on facebook.  
FB has it's downsides but I like the variety of 'groups' I can follow (and participate) in specific areas I'm interested in.

EDIT  I see they have 340 people 'following' the fb page.  That is not so many...maybe early days still?

Thank you for all of the information posted on this thread about the Vancouver Island Fibreshed.  I have spoken with Lynda Drury of the Vancouver Island Fibreshed initiative, and have visited the new wool mill in Saanich.  I am working on an article for Country Life in BC, and as a sheep producer (and fibre producer with a container full of wool) I am hopeful for anything that keeps us from wasting this resource.  I would love to have a locally-woven rug or blanket, but as a farmer I do not have the time or skills.  We all need to work together and support each other.  Thanks again for such an informative thread.

I've had a lot of trouble writing this because I don't want to focus so much on the problem, but on what solutions we can create to make this fibreshed healthy.  

This post has been especially difficult.  I've written and rewritten it at least once a day since this thread started.  But each time, it shows how frustrated I am with the situation at hand and doesn't focus enough on the good things.  

But I realize that this is a huge problem - one of animal welfare and many legal and quasi-legal issues that make it very difficult for farmers to give their animals the best possible care (and thus produce the best possible fibre).  I think if this can be solved, everything else to make a wonderful fibreshed will fall into place.

I'm writing from my own experience as a farmer and fibre artist.  I'm also writing from my conversations with other farmers in the area and talking with numerous authorities on the topic including veterinarians, politicians, local animal rescue groups, and local police who are in charge of animal control (including protecting wild and domestic animals from abuse).  What I write here is not the only way to view the current situation - as you will see later in this post - but I feel that I've accumulated enough evidence to suggest a solution that will help all points of view.  


That solution is:

Easy and affordable access to veterinary care!


This solution is going to be the most difficult and most expensive to implement.  Cats, dogs and horses are the most lucrative animals to treat.  The replacement value of a sheep is only about $400 so most farmers don't want to pay thousands of dollars for treatment.

But they do need to know they have somewhere to go when the sheep need urgent care.

Also education.  That's half of what the vet is there for, to educate the farmer on how not to need them - prevention and good animal husbandry.  many small farmers in our area do not have any experience with livestock prior to getting sheep - no education, no experience, no understanding of what is normal, happy behaviour, and what is something that needs attention.  Most of these farmers read books, but others don't.  Having an animal health care professional they can turn to would make a huge difference for these farmers.


Some examples of why a lack of vetinary care is harming our local fibre farmers.  


My story:
At the moment, the nearest large animal vet is 2 hours (or 1.5 hours with a ferry ride) from my farm.  For reasons that don't need going into, I refuse to use this vet, but if I did, the expense would be well above the replacement value of the sheep.  The last time my friend used this vet, the cost was in the neighbourhood of $6,000 for a $200 animal.  The treatment was a $6 'ewe spoon' and 10 minutes training on how to use it.  It also included a farm visit which was half the fee because the distance is so far... but still, an expencive bit of plastic.  

When I first started, I had three large animal vets within in 10 minutes of my home.  Since then, they have all retired or decided to focus on dogs and cats (where the money is).

I have no veterinarian in my area who can care for my sheep and other animals.  This is a huge concern to me as I feel that the health and well-being of the animals is the most important part of being a fibre farmer.  If the animal is healthy and happy, then their fibre will be of top quality.

When I first decided to keep these animals, I first spent a lot of time reading library books and learned the basics of identifying and preventing most ailments.  I also sought out local farmers and choose the ones that had the healthiest animals.  I made these people my mentors and learned everything I could from them.  They are my first source of help when things go wrong, and most often they know more than the vet since these farmers have more experience dealing with day to day issues than the vet.  

Before I got my own sheep, I spent 18 months caring for another farmer's flock, including two lambing seasons.  I learned how to identify which sheep need what care before they got sick.  Little things like identifying the difference between mineral deficiencies and a worm overload.  How to assist with lambing, when not to.  How to alter their diet at different times of the year.  I learned to listen to my sheep and let them tell me what they need to be healthy.  According to my gurus, my former vets, and my sheerer, my sheep are some of the healthiest around.

I had planned to increase my flock size, but without access to affordable and local veterinary care, I won't.  I know enough now to tend this many sheep and keep them healthy, tending to emergency care and all that.  But I'm not yet confident enough to keep a larger flock without the backup of a veterinarian.  


A farmer who made me sad:
I got into an argument with a farmer once about sheep care.  She had come to my farm to advise someone else about which sheep to buy.  One of the questions she asked is "how many times a month do you worm your sheep?"

Worming sheep is basically using chemicals (not all that nice a chemical either) to remove any parasites that might be bothering your animals.  Parasites can be internal or external, but we generally call them 'worms' and the meds 'wormer'.  There are three legal anti-parasitics we can use in our area.  Two of them are off-label (not tested for sheep) and one of those is dangerous to use on pregnant and nursing mothers.  In our area, there is a huge resistance to these three anti-parasitics.  Usually, when we give the medicine, it kills 95% of the worms.  But now, because of the resistance, it only kills about 40% of the worms.  This happens from using the wormer when it is not needed and if a flock is resistant to all three wormers, then the sheep suffer.

A better way is to reduce the use of the worm meds, use methods of prevention like diet and environment, and only use the worm meds when they are needed and only the type that is needed (when I had a vet, I always did a poop test before applying these drugs to make certain I used the right ones for the worms they had - I now have the kit to do my own test and am learning how).  I have since learned that sheep are very good at telling you when they need this kind of medicine and I usually have one or two sheep that need medicine each year.  Most of the others have what is called a 'sub-clinical worm load' which only damages them if they experience other stresses.  My sheep tell me when they need something.

This is where the argument started.  She was convinced that the only way to keep sheep healthy is to apply a double dose of anti-parasitic at least once a month (I have since learned that most commercial sheep farmers in my area apply this twice a year and still have trouble with resistance build up), but she does it more often because...long story... some is good, then more is better.  

See what I mean?  Different points of view.  

Longer story, but the point is I really do think she thought she was giving her sheep the best possible care.  Or at least the best possible care that she knew how.

I also think that if she had access to a vet, she is the kind of person who would listen to the voice of authority.  She would see that the current situation is costing her lots of money and her sheep are not healthy.  The vet could tell her what kind of environment, diet and minerals she could give her sheep to make them healthy and reduce the money she was spending on unnecessary chemicals.


Talking with former vets about livestock care in our area:
I'm very interested in talking to professionals and former professionals.  One thing conversation that was enlightening was talking with a former vet who specialized in sheep care.

We talked about many things, but most of all what not having easy and affordable access to veterinary care meant for local farmers.  In his opinion, many animals were suffering because the farmers didn't have access to what they needed.  They didn't have the education or knowledge necessary for preventing small problems from growing into an urgent crisis.  When this crisis happened, they didn't have a vet to treat the animal so the animal lived or died in suffering.

The ideal solution, he suggested, would be affordable and easy access to livestock veterinary care.  Talking to other former vets, they say the same.  They also said that there is nothing to encourage them to keep treating livestock.  Between the cost, being on call 24 hours, and other issues, it made sense to stop.



What would a solution look like?  

Could we entice more livestock vets to the area?  I don't know how.  But perhaps since this is an animal welfare issue, the local rescue agencies could become involved?

What about a clinic?  A facility that offers free/affordable education in prevention as well as a small veterinary staff who specilaize in livestock?  They could also provide more intense education for a fee.  Maybe they also sell equipment like one gets from the wool growers co-op.  Or perhaps in associatiaton with them?  Instead of $6,000 for a ewe spoon, we could pay $6 and maybe $25 for a 10-minute demonstration on how to apply it?  

This kind of educational facility would take a lot of pressure off the vets, not only would they not have to do the basic "this is a sheep, this is the head, this is the place where the milk comes out, it's not supposed to be blue" kind of conversation.  The sheep and other farm animals would be healthier and the fibre a better quality.  


Of all the things holding us back from having a thriving fibreshed, I really think this is the one that will make the most difference.  

Barbara Johnstone wrote:Thank you for all of the information posted on this thread about the Vancouver Island Fibreshed.  I have spoken with Lynda Drury of the Vancouver Island Fibreshed initiative, and have visited the new wool mill in Saanich.  I am working on an article for Country Life in BC, and as a sheep producer (and fibre producer with a container full of wool) I am hopeful for anything that keeps us from wasting this resource.  I would love to have a locally-woven rug or blanket, but as a farmer I do not have the time or skills.  We all need to work together and support each other.  Thanks again for such an informative thread.

My pleasure.

If you have any questions about this, please feel free to ask.  
I know I'm very opinionated about this topic, so take only what you find most useful.

I also think we are so close to having a thriving fibreshed in our area.  There's a lot of people working on it from different directions and all these efforts are coming together to create something marvellous.  

I worry that this thread is something of a downer - identifying problems and what we still need to do.  But I hope by the end of it, we get to a point where we see there's so little left to do that we are practically there already - it's just a matter of putting the different pieces together and applying some glue.


Also, please let us know when the article comes out.  

I'm also keen to work with some of the yarn from the local mill.  If you have any fibre processed there, I would weave you a blanket in exchange for some yarn or at minimum wage.  What I've been doing with another yarn producer is weaving two blankets with one warp.  They provide the yarn and keep one blanket, and I keep the other as payment.  Or something else might work for you.  Feel free to PM me or talk about it more on this thread.

Very happy to find this thread and to let you know that Vancouver Island Fibreshed is taking shape with over 70 members, funds from Investment Agriculture foundation and additional funds for the Go Fund Me campaign. Now we are in the process of getting a simple website up so that we are more accessible. We are also producing a newsletter to keep people informed. We are involved in outreach and talking with sheep, alpaca and llama farmers to find out from them what is needed to improve fleece quality. We are also focusing on the end user, to establish more market connections and how to best link the farmers with the end users. This is a huge project and we are welcoming those who can provide links to farmers, makers and end users to contact us. We are so glad to be affiliates of Fibershed and therefore participating in their presentations and learning from the masters on how to do this effectively.

I see some of you have concerns about our integrity. Amy Crook and myself, Lynda Drury are both professionals who are also fibre worshipers. We were invited to put forward a proposal and were vetted and granted the funds. We are completely transparent. We have as our non profit partner, the Comox Valley Women's Institute, an age old farming icon. We used the face book page because it provided us with a free place to get started. Stay posted on our face book page. We have a domain name and next month will have a some content on the website. But please realize that this is a vast project with many aspects and give us time to create a solid foundation and build with the communities who are interested in creating a fibreshed.

Hi Lynda,

Great to see you here.

I'm very excited about your project.  As a fibre farmer and textile artisan, I would like to be more excited about it and possibly help out.

My biggest stumbling block is understanding what your project involves.  Your answer here helps.  

We are also producing a newsletter to keep people informed.

Please share where people can sign up for this.  I know many of the readers here would be interested in following your progress.

We are involved in outreach and talking with sheep, alpaca and llama farmers to find out from them what is needed to improve fleece quality.

An important step.  Can you tell us more about this?  

We are also focusing on the end user, to establish more market connections and how to best link the farmers with the end users.

I don't really understand what this means.  Can you give us a concrete example of what it would look like?

This is a huge project and we are welcoming those who can provide links to farmers, makers and end users to contact us.

This is great; however, I've had trouble finding your contact details.  I understand they are on FB, but I don't visit that site.  Maybe they will be more visible with your site?

We are so glad to be affiliates of Fibershed and therefore participating in their presentations and learning from the masters on how to do this effectively.  

This is exciting.  The Fibershed people have done such great stuff in this field.  

I see some of you have concerns about our integrity.  

Not really.  Your reputation in the fibre arts community preseeds you.  I know you have integrity and are the right people to make this work.

What I'm looking for is more concrete examples of what your goals are and the paths you plan to take to get there.  

I visited our new fibre mill a few weeks back, and I'm impressed.

Not only is she providing a service for local farmers, but she's also working hard to help the community and the environment.  She provides regular employment to several workers and has taken a lot of care and planning to reduce fuel and water use.  The water that exits the building after washing the fleece is greywater safe.  

Having a place for local farmers to process fibre is a significant step towards a thriving fibreshed.

The next challenge: finding a way to educate the farmers how to grow better fibre.  I think this includes finding a way to provide better health care for animals.  A health animal produces superior fibre.  

I also discovered recently that our nearest livestock vet, the one that's almost two hours away if you include waiting for the ferry, has retired.  sigh.  

We have a very real need for, if not vets, then at least a way to educate farmers.  I had another conversation lately with someone who had very 'interesting' ideas on sheep care and they couldn't understand why the sheep were acting so sickly.  It frustrates me when this happens.  I wish there was a better way.  

It sounds like Lynda's newly founded (and funded) organization may be the perfect avenue to getting some awareness out as to the economic viability of having a vet relocate to Vancouver; livestock care may not be as lucrative as cats and dogs, but at the island-wide industrial scale you're talking about (and perhaps minor incentivizing/subsidization by the organization), an up-and-coming veterinarian could make quite a career.

At the very least convincing someone to come out and do a weekend clinic, or have a sheep veterinary care educational conference, could have a huge impact on the quality of life and wool in the new fibreshed.

Make it happen Lynda; we believe in you!! :)

It would be lovely to get some more updates on what's going on with the local fibreshed project.  

As for the mill, I've been there a few times and oh man, is it ever lovely.  The people there are doing a great job and I'm excited to have my fibre processed there.

I saw this at the local fibre mill.  Didn't have a chance to read it properly as I was picking up some of their delicious core-spun yarn, but it's good to see signs of the fibreshed affiliate moving forward on our little island.

They are still working on gathering an inventory and the goal is to use this information to help producers get more value for their fibre by connecting them with potential fibre buyers.  As both a producer and a buyer, I'm excited to see what this will look like.  I'm having trouble imagining it from the description, but it's still early days.  But I like the idea of an interactive map.  

I saw a paper version of this survey at the local fibre festival, but with one thing and another, my copy didn't make it home with my stuff.  I'm still waiting on my copy of an email version.  I wonder if they are using a free service like SurveyMonkey that not only gathers data but helps compile it too.

This is corespun yarn made at our local mill.





We can use this to knit (there's a beautiful knitted and fulled basket on display at the mill), crochet, or weave.  It's very good for rugs.  It's also a yarn that retails for quite a lot.  Looking at the prices on etsy, similar yarn to mine retails for between $70 to $200 USD for the same size bump.  

This yarn is also a huge step towards building our fibreshed.  

When I got my yarn back from the mill, I was amazed at how soft and beautiful it was.  Why was I amazed?  Because I gave them crappy wool that was destined for the compost bin.  This process transforms fibre that would otherwise be inappropriate for spinning (by machine or by hand) and creates a usable and desirable product.  

Having a harvest even from a bad fibre year is a huge boon to farmers.

Happy News Everyone!

I just found something exciting.  The Vancouver Island Fibreshed's website is LIVE!

http://vancouverislandfibreshed.ca/

Oooo, that corespun wool looks really neat! Do you happen to know approximately what knitting needle size one would use with it? Does it wet felt? I know people like to make purses/handbags by felting something they knit--this looks like it might make a really sturdy bag or container!

How well it felts depends on the wool or fibre they use.  But yes, the example I saw felts really well.  

I'm not sure what size knitting needle she used, but she used big needles and made a huge basket.  Then she tossed it in the washing machine (checking on it often) until it fulled down to normal basket size.  The results were amazing!  I wish I had a photo of it.  

Yes, Vancouver Island Fibreshed website is up and running. We went live yesterday to get the approval from Investment Agriculture Foundation and so that we could test the links. But it appears word is out so please forgive us if there are missing bits and links that don't work yet. I hope that you will enjoy the site and contribute to it. We need your input.

Late last night, the sheerer came and now we have 10 naked lambs leaping about the yard.

I'm always surprised by a fall sheering.  For starts, the wool is much better quality than the spring shearing.   I know that most wool growth happens in the 6 to 8 months after being shorn, but I'm constantly amazed by how much wool they grow over the summer.

Shearing also seems to improve their health tremendously, especially this time of year.  I don't know why.  Maybe it's like doing the laundry, they don't have all that itchy hay next to their skin so they don't have to put so much energy into scratching?  It's a mystery to me.

Talking with the shearer, he said that sheep that are shorn more often live longer and healthier lives.  I like that.



The conversation continued and we asked him about an idea we have.  Since we have a mill in town now, what are the challenges preventing the wool industry from taking off?  We have a little idea we're thinking of pursuing and this guy knows just about every sheep on the local islands.  He also has a lot of experience working with sheep in Austrailia and New Zealand - the source of the worlds most praised and valuable wool - so he knows a bit about how established wool industries work.

According to him, the number one problem is that farmers don't think of wool as a valuable crop.  They burn, compost, or stash it for years in the back of the barn.  But even so-called 'meet sheep' produce valuable wool.  

Education for farmers would be a huge step forward.  Once they understand that their wool is worth money, they will start putting effort into producing better wool.  More importantly, they will take the effort to prepare and store their wool correctly instead of destroying it.  

So how do we go about convincing farmers that their wool is worth money?

Chicken and egg problem!  We need good quality wool to pay money for it - we need to pay money for wool to show that it's worthwhile producing good quality wool.

Raven, I find your posts so useful and have copied much of the information to add to the report on Vancouver Island fleece.

The core spun wool is a wonderful product that could be a really hot item with crafters, slipper makers, dryer ball industry, decor designers and other manufacturers.

We have just opened discussions with brands looking for natural and ethically produced fibres. The first discussion was enlightening as well as being another chicken and egg story. Brands don't know what fleece farmers are producing, so they don't think about investing. Farmers don't upgrade fleece quality as there is no perceived market. I really agree with Pieter the shearer, the perceptions are getting in the way. However, it is a lot to ask farmers to invest more unless there is a market. If farmers know that there is a market, that will give them the green light to produce more fleece. Then they will want to understand more about quality production. That is what we are hoping to do, connect some of those dots. All of this information is leading to ideas, the people who want to see change and lots of possibilities.

Are you ok with me copying your photos to post on VI Fibreshed to show people the core spun wool? I will totally understand if you prefer not. Thanks for all your amazing work on this.

Since the sheering, the tiny lamb has doubled in size!  She's growing so fast it's scary.  Most of it is bone growth.

Something in my mind is thinking about sunlight.  Less wool means more exposure to sunlight, which increases vitamin D somehow, and this is directly related to bone growth.  She didn't show signs of rickets or anything like that.  She was extremely healthy, according to everyone I asked to have a look at her, just way too small.  The general advice I got was "sometimes sheep just grow that way."

But I wonder... maybe sheep are not supposed to grow that way. Maybe there is a reason why.

Now I'm thinking about my friend who is having a baby.  When the baby is 'hatched', my friend will go to this group of new mothers, and they sit there with a nurse and talk about what is normal in a baby human and what symptoms indicate it's time to see a doctor.  It's incredible what a huge range 'normal' covers in a baby human.  It also amazes me to discover what tiny symptoms are early signs of preventable problems.  

It's a bit like how a stiff, left leg in my sheep is an early warning sign that there isn't enough selenium in their diet.  

And then there is another thought in my head.  When I first learned about keeping sheep, my friend brought her flock to my home, and I helped with the daily chores.  For almost two years her sheep lived on my farm, and I got to learn all sorts of exciting things about flock health.    At that time, the sheep lived with the chickens, and every morning we would sprinkle oyster shells on the ground for the chickens to peck at during the day.  However, we noticed the chickens were developing symptoms of lacking calcium.  So we increased the shells, and the symptoms continued.  Yet, every day the shells were gone.  Eventually, we saw what happened; the sheep were hoovering up the oyster shells - not all the sheep, but a few.

Vitamin D.  Calcium.  These two go together.  
The minerals we buy are supposed to be ample for our sheep.  And yet, these might be signs of dietary deficiency.  

But now I'm stuck.  The books about keeping sheep aren't helpful.  I haven't found anyone locally who can mentor me on this detail.  Back when I had three vets, not one of them knew enough about this to advise me.  Their focus was on medicine and curing.  What I want to learn about is prevention.

What would this look like?  I'm not a hugely social person, so a weekly get together with other farmers wouldn't attract me.  Monthly is too often for a hard-core misanthrop like myself.  

What about classes?  I like classes.

I haven't heard any news from the local fibreshed (official) for the last couple of years.

Our mill has closed.

There are global shortages in yarn and thus, textiles.  There is more demand than ever for locally made clothing and almost none available.

But I do hear good things at the grassroots levels.  A few farmers are growing flax for the first time this year with the plans to make it into cloth.  That might be by hand or by importing some machinery.

There's a Hattersley loom somewhere on the gulf islands that looks like it was in near-working condition when I last saw it.  This would really up production.  

Every year more sheep are born, shorn, and mowing lawns.

The desire to grow fibre and demand are both very high - maybe higher than ever.  It's just that middle bit that is missing.  STILL.  

Speaking about grassroots organizations, the Flax to Linen group of Victoria experimented with new ways of getting the word out there:



Working with the F2L group on this project inspired me to try something new.  It's a two-year project designed to show the feasibility of our local fibreshed in a series of videos.  I'll let you know how it goes.

Vancouver Island Fibreshed has been quiet but is not defunct. We lost one of the main people due to burnout and I am rallying a new crew to get more people onboard. Stay tuned!

Here is one of the rugs I wove from the core spun yarn I mentioned above.



I also want to point out this article from the local news station: https://www.cheknews.ca/sheep-wool-surplus-lack-of-buyers-weighs-on-vancouver-island-farmers-1137464/

Vancouver Island sheep farmers are dealing with too much wool.

Their sheep have to be sheared, but they don’t have enough purchasers willing to buy the wool.

“It’s not the value it used to have,” says John Buchanan, who has owned and operated Parry Bay Farms for the last 50 years....

Prices for wool have fallen dramatically over the years, with mass-produced synthetic fibers cheaper and easier to work with.

“When we started doing sheep, the white wool was a dollar a pound and the black wool was two dollars a pound because we sold it to Cowichan Tribes to make their sweaters,” said Lorraine.

But prices have fallen dramatically in recent years. According to Statistics Canada, the average price paid to Canadian wool producers just eight years ago was $1.54 per kilogram, on average, and even higher in B.C. at $2.04/kg.

Since then, prices have fallen to $0.69/kg nationally and $0.63/kg provincially.

In Canada, middle-sized farmers like the Buchanan’s at Parry Bay Farm say it doesn’t pay to get the wool off the sheep’s back.

“There are years we’ve had to burn it because it costs too much to bring it to Vancouver,” said Lorraine.

And yet, we have more spinners and weavers in Canada than we've had in a century.  The hobby side of things increases an average of 10% per year.

I have people contacting me weekly asking where they can buy everything from fibre to finished clothing.  I have no answer to give.


There is a huge disconnect between the producer, maker, and customer.  

But I think we need more than a way to connect these parts.  We need concrete examples of actual projects.  Be it a proof of concept or a business that has found a sustainable (both ecologically and financially) path through.  

Like the video at the top of this thread - she gives a concrete example of what can be accomplished and it becomes a beacon for this entire global resurgence in local fibre economies and ecology.  We need something like this locally.  And more importantly, it needs to be someone with more charm and a higher tolerance for interacting with people than me.  

Although I may have, not a project, but the potential of a project brewing... it's going to take a lot more than just me to make it work.  I'll share more if we can get it past the proof of concept stage.

For now, yesterday was shearing day, so I'm washing wool like a mad woman before the drought comes.  

I'm adding this here as a proof of concept.  This is what one creator can achieve in a month.

I spun, wove, and sewed this cloak in a month while doing all my other tasks on the farm and managing my home business.  







That's not a lot, especially when considering for every one hour spent creating, two hours go into making the youtube videos.  It also isn't very efficient to switch between the tasks like that.  

Most creators are more skilled in one or two aspects of the craft (I personally am not confident with sewing at this stage in my life).   We could use that to our advantage.  I could see someone setting up a cottage industry hub, and have one group of crafters spin yarn, and another group weave the blankets.  Now we have a finished product that the hub can sell.  It's just an idea.  On the crafting side of things, connecting creators together would be a huge help.

In my imagination, the fibreshed would be a combination of machine and human labour.  Get too mechanical and we get like they have on the far coast, where the mills need to import wool because using local wool only could only feed their machines for one day.  They have to import wool to keep the machines running the other 364 days of the year.  Too much human power, and we risk burnout or worse, not being able to meet the demand or having the price too high.

So classes in production work - vs hoby style which most people learn - would also be a useful resourse.  

Really interesting thread!
I do think the price is an important issue. It too often get boiled down to “we pay too little for our clothes” which is true as far as it goes. However, a sustainable fibershed would have to be affordable as well. In going to the website, I didn’t see anything I could price out.
So, let me ask the question in a slightly different way. Lets imagine you are a sheep farmer, keeping as many sheep as one person can comfortably manage. Lets say the fibershed is thriving so that you can sell all the wool you produce. Lets say you are not interested/able to make clothing yourself.
What would it take for you to be able to pay your bills, buy decent food, and purchase your wardrobe from within the fibershed? What is the price point for your wool, and for the finished clothes? I am not talking about one Sunday sweater, but a full wardrobe that will allow you to work, go out, and maintain modern standards of cleanliness.
Same question for the mill workers - can they afford the basic clothing they produce? How much of it needs to be subsidized by wealthy people paying a lot more for slightly fancier versions? How do you make sure everyone’s workload is sustainable, does not break down their bodies and send their kids screaming for the big city?
This is, of course, where mechanization is our friend. I adore hand spinning and hand knitting, but doing it for a living would put me waaay below the poverty line. So machinery will be necessary. Can small scale mills do the trick? How many people hours does it take to produce clothing through mechanization? What else is needed to make it affordable? Environmentally sustainable? What needs to change about the way we produce and think about our wardrobes?

A thing to keep in mind that a lot of folk (most?) don't know (in relation to not having enough time/money to clothe the family with hand-made woolens): when well made natural fiber clothing is washed with care and predominantly line-dried, it lasts a long, long, long time.  I have twos hand-knitted wool sweaters that are moving into their 3rd generation of use (they were knitted by my 83 y o Mom's aunt). Most folks have no idea clothing can last. So if one can get over the desire for multiple trendy options, far fewer items of clothing need to made/purchased.

Thank you for all your effort you've put into this thread! I saw the flax to linen display at this year's fibre festival in Victoria. It's very inspiring. We just closed on 5 acres on a gulf island and once we clear some more of the land, I'd love to grow some flax. I have been slowly acquiring linen pieces and they really are fantastic for our climate.

I'm just learning how to spin and am paying around $30 USD per pound for wool. Granted that's good quality washed and carded wool, but still. The idea of wool rotting in a barn somewhere while I'm paying that price makes my wallet hurt.

As someone who's sold crafts before, I'm sure the $30 per pound is reflective of the cost of producing and shipping a niche product like wool for spinning. I'd like to connect with a farmer who has that excess wool. I'd be happy to pay a fair price, pick it up locally, and process it by hand. I just want to clothe my own family and friends by doing a little spinning and weaving in the evening.

Lina Joana wrote:
So, let me ask the question in a slightly different way. Lets imagine you are a sheep farmer, keeping as many sheep as one person can comfortably manage. Lets say the fibershed is thriving so that you can sell all the wool you produce. Lets say you are not interested/able to make clothing yourself.

This is a really good question.  

In a larger system (a few hundred thousand head of sheep), for a basic meat sheep, the money got from the wool would pay for the sheep.  The labour, food, fixing fences, all the infostructure.  But this wool would need to be shipped to a sorting place (there are only a few in North America) and that would cost a lot of money.  It has to be graded (more expense) and tested, and all sorts of stuff.  

The meat would be where the profit is.  

If the sheep are chosen for their wool  - even some care in breeding to make sure there aren't black sheep in the flock, then the value of the wool goes up significantly.  

If the wool is processed locally, then there would be less expense of shipping.  Since the flocks are smaller (usually less than a hundred), each farm doesn't need fancy machines.  

For me, that would be the starting expectation.  If the sheep are healthy and the wool is in good condition (regardless of breed) the expectation would be to cover the cost of the sheep for a year.  With a larger flock of a few hundred, that would be pretty easy.  With a smaller flock like most people have here, that's not going to be as easy because the cost per sheep goes up.  We calculated about a dollar a day per sheep (not including nursing lambs) in the current conditions.  However, that would be a lot less if we had better access to veterinary training or affordable consulting.  

Add to that the extra value of fibre and rare breeds, a fibre flock could do quite well once the local fibershed economy is up and running.  

Barbara Kochan wrote:A thing to keep in mind that a lot of folk (most?) don't know (in relation to not having enough time/money to clothe the family with hand-made woolens): when well made natural fiber clothing is washed with care and predominantly line-dried, it lasts a long, long, long time.  I have twos hand-knitted wool sweaters that are moving into their 3rd generation of use (they were knitted by my 83 y o Mom's aunt).

If you can keep the moths away, tightly knit wool sweaters will last. However, in my experience, pants will not, and shirts/jackets may or may not depending on your physical work load. I have had nice shirts for years that I wear regularly to the office. But the clothes I wear around the homestead go much quicker. The average american still probably buys more than they would need if clothes were high quality, but that only works up to a point.
I will throw out a few numbers: for someone who moves a lot, lets say you need 2 pairs of pants per year - one lightweight one heavier, and as they get worn and patched they migrate to being chore pants. That is my average with 100% cotton jeans. Then let us say 3 everyday shirts per year: they get stained and ripped over time, especially in the summer. Sweaters - 1 every 5-10 years, as long as you know they are high quality. Same for coats. Socks and underwear- 7 pairs per year: soft and thin fabrics that get constantly worn just aren’t going to last. And maybe one or two fancy outfits, that las as long as your bodyshape stays the same…
So, what would that wardrobe cost to make in a fibershead? What income bracket would you have to be in?

C Murphy wrote:Thank you for all your effort you've put into this thread! I saw the flax to linen display at this year's fibre festival in Victoria. It's very inspiring. We just closed on 5 acres on a gulf island and once we clear some more of the land, I'd love to grow some flax. I have been slowly acquiring linen pieces and they really are fantastic for our climate.

For those who missed it, here's an example of what the Flax to Linen demo looks like.