I agree that moisture is a fundamental issue here.
A house, as most of us know them, is a shaded, very dry space, where the roof and walls keep outdoor humidity out, protecting the structure and contents of the house from rot. If you like to keep paper
books, or leather, or metal cans and containers, or painted objects, or most kinds of
art and clothing -- in fact any of the accoutrements of civilization -- in your house, they need that very dry, consistent indoor atmosphere to preserve them.
Almost all plants need, and create, a more humid climate. The category "houseplant" includes those most unusually tolerant of dry, warm, dim indoor conditions - mostly desert plants and tropicals, and many of the desert ones can only thrive in a sunyy window or with artificial light. I can't think of many that will tolerate heavy foot traffic (or that I would want to step on).
If you build an outdoor kitchen in an area with lots of plants on the ground, very soon the foot traffic beats down the main use areas to dirt. Plants just don't like being walked on, at least not as regularly as we like to cook and eat.
But if your kitchen is relatively humidity-tolerant, with cedar or tropical hardwood detailing, and a drier cupboard for cookbooks, herbs, and your glass-jar pantry storage...
Then I can imagine a beautiful variation where you do a "garden-like" paver stone or packed-earth floor in the traffic areas, with a "gutter" recessed under the counters along the edge to grow plants. Put grow-lights in the bottom of the counters in some places, and water the plants with some of the grey water from the kitchen (cooled water from double-boilers or dish rinsing, non-salted cooking water from stuff like broccoli or spinach, undrunk tea, etc).
In the parts of this "gutter" where there's a bigger cupboard under the counter, put a lower-power grow light, and do mosses, creeping herbs, etc.
Aim for a deeper recess than just a toe-kick, so that your toes will occasionally brush the plants and awaken their scent as you work, but you don't always step on them.
In the center, you could have a Zen "island" where there is a little mossy rock sculpture you can sit on/under, with flagstones for feet and plants creeping around the edges.
You could do a glass-countertop "terrarium" where your friends can sit on bar stools and share
coffee over a living microcosm.
All this will require active
gardening, and ideally a low-light nursery and standard trays so you can swap out unhappy plants for a rest.
But even if you only really get it going for a few good seasons, the photos and memories will be amazing.
And if you can have year-round bright light and thriving greenery, it might become the oasis for all your friends who formerly suffered from seasonal depression.
It is almost an unreal, fantasy kitchen - a virtual reality stunt - but it would be worth doing as performance
art even if you needed a second kitchen for everyday.
This could also be a good fit for adding year-round greenhouse space in an indoor/outdoor kitchen setup.
Have the dry pantry storage and cookbook area, with hot ranges and heavy traffic areas like the coffee pot and fridge.
Then an "island" that is actually the first indoor/outdoor wall, with this grow-light bed under a counter, facing out toward the next "wet" space.
Then the "mud-room" part of the kitchen with prep counters, greywater and blackwater sink, compost or worm bin.
Then maybe a second wall to separate this heated room from the greenhouse and true outdoors.
(Heating a large greenhouse is an expensive thing to take on in cold climates, I would not want to be obligated to cook in a greenhouse winter or summer in the temperate zones. In summer, you'd need a way to vent it or you'd fry everything with the heat. Greenhouses also exclude moisture unless designed otherwise, they are not going to stay alive without help, unlike outdoor ecosystems.)
The outdoor kitchen extension can be the space where the floor is alive with moss, nourished with compost and greywater, maybe a decorative "swamp" that processes nutrient-rich wastes into duckweed, sedges, frogs, and butterflies. Maybe a "clean-water" runoff area with food plants like wild rice, wapato - blending into the larger landscape as a moisture and seed source.
Essentially, the outdoor living floor that I imagine is a low-light, roofed garden for exotic plants that like the benefits of living near human kitchen activity.
It would need to be a "secret space", that people visited with awe and pleasure, or you'd need to rotate trays of moss in and out so they didn't die from heavy foot traffic.
I've seen well-meaning crowds kill off lawns in the course of a 1-week event due to heavy foot traffic (and wet conditions leading to compacted soils). The plant choices, and the design to separate plants from foot traffic areas, would be critical.
Plants that I've seen thrive in compacted, occasional-use pathways include:
- Pinapple weed
- Hardy mustards
- Dock
- Plantain (plantago, not the starchy crop)
- Thistle
- Some grasses
Plants that I've seen sold as "foot-tolerant" but don't love HEAVY traffic:
- Creeping thyme, lemon thyme, silver thyme
- Irish and Scottish moss; various
native mosses in damp corners
- Dwarf varieties of the mint family
- Periwinkle / vinca (can be invasive)
- Yarrow (used in mixed-herb lawns)
- All of the "steppables" in the purple pots
In terms of shade - I don't see a lot of plants volunteering in barns, even with plenty of fertility, and relatively humid weather exposure compared with a house.
So I think you would need to deliberately create an outdoor-like environment with artificial or redirected light, and a lot of moisture, to get anything to grow indoors.
Occasionally seen under stairs or in other edge-of-this-shade settings:
- Prolific weeds like dandelion, cress, grasses (they seeded here and "don't know any better" than to grow)
- Mosses
- Ferns
- Some kinds of bulbs
- Some little-leaved, runner garden weeds with pink or blue or purple cup-like flowers - don't know the name.
Another option would be to create a "terrarium" floor - wood supports with bar lighting, and heavy glass panels, over short plants, where you could have a glass pathway and see the plants, but not step directly on them. You could have a glass or bamboo pathway over moss, and then plants on the sides that could be a little taller.
I think it would be very intensive to maintain at "fantasy" visual levels. Greenhouses get issues like mildew, algae, and hard-water stains; plants pressed up against hard glass or plastic have rotting leaves, and you almost have to take the plants and glass apart to clean it down to the point where it looks wonderful from all angles. Greenhouses that are seasonally emptied, cleaned, and re-planted, or with constant work crews of botanical garden volunteers, tend to look tidier than most of the private ones I've seen.
There is this optimal point where plants are just starting to take over their environment, like the mossy bath mat in the picture, which is perfectly lovely. Their natural peak, decline, and decay is not so lovely.
Maybe it would make sense to do it more as an art piece, where the floor is designed with modular sections where you can swap in trays with either natural flooring (reed mats, with a little moss grown through), or rows of herbs and mosses for visual appeal. Like indoor flower displays, these indoor plants would actually be grown in a nursery or orangerie dedicated to their needs, rotated into the kitchen for their working life, and then rotated out again when they began to show signs of wear. For times with lots of visitors, you would rotate the delicate plants out, and swap in "tiles" of heavy-traffic materials (cork flooring, slate tiles, reed mats on a clay base, etc) in the same shaped trays.
Living roofs are designed to capture water in an outdoor space, and mitigate the impact that a building has on its surrounding watershed and living landscape.
Floors don't have this problem - there is not excess water being delivered and sluffed off by the floor, in fact all the water that the floor
footprint would normally receive is instead being diverted by the roof.
If you do this, even as a small-scale experiment, I want to see pictures.
-Erica W